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  3. Ledger

Ledger

A ledger is an ordered accounting record of value-changing events, balances, and references used to reconcile an account or distributed system.

Defined termReviewed 16 July 2026

Related terms

Account BalanceProfit and Loss (P&L)BlockchainSettlementAccount EquityAvailable Cash

Educational risk notice

This material is general education, not personal investment advice or a promise of results. Markets can move beyond planned levels, and losses can exceed expectations when leverage, liquidity, gaps, or operational failures are involved.

Read the full risk disclosure
Trading glossaryReviewed 16 July 2026

Definition

A ledger is an ordered accounting record of value-changing events, balances, and references used to reconcile an account or distributed system.

In market context

A platform ledger can record deposits, withdrawals, fees, trade results, interest, rewards, penalties, and corrections as separate entries. The running balance should be reproducible from those events, while portfolio valuations may add changing market prices outside the cash ledger. In a distributed ledger, copies of records are coordinated across participants under protocol rules rather than maintained solely by one database owner.

Source

Use the primary source for fuller regulatory or market context.

NISTIR 8202 — Blockchain Technology Overview

Educational risk notice

This material is general education, not personal investment advice or a promise of results. Markets can move beyond planned levels, and losses can exceed expectations when leverage, liquidity, gaps, or operational failures are involved.

Read the full risk disclosure

Related glossary terms

Selected from explicit term relationships and shared tags.

beginner3 min

Account Balance

The account balance is the posted cash value after completed deposits, withdrawals, fees, interest, rewards, and realized trading results have been recorded.

account · reportingRead guide
beginner3 min

Profit and Loss (P&L)

Profit and loss measures the financial result of positions or account activity over a stated scope, separating open valuation changes from completed results.

reporting · portfolioRead guide
beginner3 min

Blockchain

A blockchain is a distributed ledger structure that groups validated records into cryptographically linked blocks maintained under a shared consensus process.

crypto · blockchainRead guide
beginner3 min

Settlement

Settlement is the process that completes a transaction’s contractual exchange of money, assets, or ledger entitlements after execution or approval.

execution · transfersRead guide